1. Reducing engine heat loss
The research team has identified the following technologies and designs as having commercial development and market adoption potential:
♦ Turbochargers to enable downsizing
- Variable turbine geometry
- Multi-stage turbines
- Electric-boost turbochargers/superchargers
♦ Cooled Exhaust Gas Recirculation
- High-pressure / low-pressure cooling
♦ Variable Valve Timing & Lift, enabling:
- Atkinson/Miller cycle operation
♦ Dynamic Cylinder Deactivation / Skip Fire (DDEAC, SFD)
♦ Combustion chamber wall insulation (Thermo-Swing)
i. What items would you remove from this list? Why?
ii. Which items would you strongly endorse? Why?
iii. What is missing from this list?
iv. How would use of the above technologies, discretely or as part of a technology package, impact: a) efficiency or emissions? b) user payback (e.g., up to 3 years, 7 years or longer)?
2. Increasing compression ratio
The research team has identified the following technologies and designs as having commercial development and market adoption potential:
♦ Gasoline Direct Injection developments:
- Ultra high-pressure fuel injection
- Lean burn/super-lean burn
- Gasoline direct injection compression ignition (GDCI)
♦ Spark Assisted Homogeneous Charge
- Spark Plug Controlled Compression Ignition (SPCCI)
- Prechamber spark plug
♦ Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI)
♦ Variable Compression Ratio engines
♦ Combustion chamber water injection
♦ Opposed piston engine design
i. What items would you remove from this list? Why?
ii. Which items would you strongly endorse? Why?
iii. What is missing from this list?
iv. How would use of the above technologies, discretely or as part of a technology package, impact: a) efficiency or emissions? b) user payback (e.g., up to 3 years, 7 years or longer)?
3. Reducing ancillary loads (on engine)
The research team has identified the following technologies and designs as having commercial development and market adoption potential:
♦ 48-volt+ architecture
♦ Electrically-actuated accessories (i.e., pumps, valve train)
♦ Friction reducing fluids, coatings
i. What items would you remove from this list? Why?
ii. Which items would you strongly endorse? Why?
iii. What is missing from this list?
iv. How would use of the above technologies, discretely or as part of a technology package, impact: a) efficiency or emissions? b) user payback (e.g., up to 3 years, 7 years or longer)?
4. Reducing drivetrain losses (transmission efficiency)
The research team has identified the following technologies and designs as having commercial development and market adoption potential:
♦ 7+ speed transmissions
- Automatic, automated manual shift
♦ Dual clutch transmission
- Including integrated motor hybrid arrangement
♦ Continuously variable transmission
♦ Shift logic optimization
- Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Connected Shift System
♦ Anti-idle, start-stop functionality
- Motor-starter / direct starter
♦ Dedicated hybrid engine/transmission design
♦ Multi-axel motor drive for 4WD/AWD
i. What items would you remove from this list? Why?
ii. Which items would you strongly endorse? Why?
iii. What is missing from this list?
iv. How would use of the above technologies, discretely or as part of a technology package, impact: a) efficiency or emissions? b) user payback (e.g., up to 3 years, 7 years or longer)?
